A cellular network is a communications system based on a complex structure which includes the access network and the core network, made up of base stations (amplifiers, modulators, antennas, etc.) serving contiguous or overlapping cells, which are organised to ensure provision of capacity and radio coverage in the targeted geographic area.
Each cell is served by a base station, which enables the transmission and reception of radio signals on the allocated frequencies. In general, to ensure efficient use, frequencies are reused in other cells. The cellular network also comprises mobile stations, with which the base stations communicate, using frequencies allocated for the purpose.
Mobile stations, commonly known as mobile phones/smartphones, establish a radio link with the base stations within their own network, enabling communication with other mobile stations connected to the same operator. In a cellular network, communication is also possible with mobile stations belonging to other networks and also with the telephone terminals of the fixed telephone network.
